Interdisciplinary Project

2010-2011 Green Areas of the Pedregal of San Angel

Created by:

Aranza Orozco

Ricardo Guaida

Ximena Segura

Alberto Simon

Anahi Plascencia

Alejandro Elizondo

Tutor:

Miss Eugenia Morelos Zaragoza


Get a Voki now!















Alternative Green Areas in the IAB

Introduccion

Now you will learn about all green areas of Pedregal de San Angel. How they were before the xitle's eruption which animals and plants how we can

preserve the green areas in the Pedregal de San Angel and what can we do also you are going to learn somethings that we did during this project and they gave us we hope you learn something.

This formula climate is calculated according to the method of the Polygon the formulas of Garcia (1988), using data from approximately 25 years of climatological stations: Ajusco-Tlalpan, Deviation High School of Geography, Anzaldo Presa, Presa Mixcoac Tarango and Nursery and Peña Pobre, as there is a weather station in the area.

El Pedregal de San Angel suffered a sharp reduction as part of the uncontrolled urban sprawl of Mexico now being less than 5% of the original area.On land the main campus of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, the area is protected Ecological Reserve del Pedregal de San Angel.

external image for_sale_house_pedregal_mexico_city_distrito_federal_mexico_picacho_325_92220627923677402.jpg

Xitle's Eruption

Among the main consequences of this eruption is the formation of the Pedregal de San Angel, in southern Mexico City. Cuicuilco been one of the finest cities in Mesoamerica, was one of the places covered by the Xitle's lava and destroyed completely. Before the eruption, the ecosystem was mainly Forest and Plains, after, it became a Xerofilas' bushes ecosystem. The plants that used to exist there disappeared, and after some decades, Xerofilas started to appear, because it was the type of plant that could grow between the rocks, and needed little soil to grow, as well as little water, because the water would filtrate under de rocks because of the lack of soil many of the plants that exist in this reserve, are endemic species, that means that this is the only place on the world were they exist

by Alejandro Elizondo

external image attachment.php?attachmentid=136869&stc=1&d=1241743342


Animals and plants that existed before the Xitle erupted

Ecological Reserve of the Pedregal de San Angel, we see two well-defined flowering seasons: dry and wet seasons. During the latter, most of the plants have fruit: berries, pods, berries and samaras, among others. Biodiversity is remarkable wildlife: there are 37 species of mammals, among which, 16 rodents and 16 bats. Can still be found squirrels, skunks, rabbits, ring-tailed, cats, and gray fox. There are 106 species of birds representing about half of which fly over the Valley of Mexico. There are three species of amphibians related to the bodies of groundwater and surface water: a two salamanders and frogs. As regards the reptiles, there have been three species of lizards and six snakes, and rattlesnakes. Also there have been more than 50 species of butterflies and spiders.

external image Opossum_md.jpg

by Alejandro Elizondo

Weather

In the Ecological Reserve of Pedregal de San Angel, we see two flowering seasons are well defined: the dry season (November to May) and rainy (June to October).

by Aranza Orozco

external image rain.184125030_std.jpg

Ecosystem in the Ecological reserve of Pedregal de San Angel

The ecological reserve of the Pedregal de San Angel protects 237 hectares of desert scrub wooden crazy ecosystem that grows on the rocky ground. This reserve is within the main campus of the UNAM and occupies one third of it. Their management depends on the Executive Secretariat of the Reserve.Ecological Reserve del Pedregal de San Angel is an interesting system to study the issue of replacement of both plant species extinctions as species introductions that have occurred there. This contribution aims to draw attention to the issue of introduced species, with special interest in the case of exotic tree species Eucalyptus resinifera Smith as one of the first studied invasive species in the reserve and also on control measures as application is an experience and an example for the treatment of similar cases.The reserve was declared in 1983 after a strong mobilization of students grouped in the Pedregal's Defense Committee, who strongly objected to its destruction by the university authorities, urban and road purposes. the Ecological Reserve del Pedregal de San Angel was restructured and now covers an area of 237 hectares, 3.323 meters square, comprising three core areas and buffer zones 13.


external image 033n1est-1.jpg

by Aranza Orozco

Animals and plants that exist now a days in Pedregal de San Angel

In san angel there are a lot of plants that have fruits , vayas, vainas, drupas, y samaras. The flora is made up of coniferous trees like pine softwoods, and fir. Also there are donkey ear, crazy stick, rose mary, language cow, chapulixtle, country broom, agave, mountain grass, tepoz, conchita, sacaton, nopal, oak, and broom.

Source:

Animals

In san angel there are 37 kinds of animals like bats, rodents, chipmunks, foxes, rabbits, and opossums. Also there are 106 kinds of birds, 3 kinds of amphibians, and a lot of reptiles like wall lizards and snakes. In san angel are and live a lot or butterflies and spiders

external image 119.JPG

by ximena segura

What is an ecological reserve

An ecological reserve is a portion of land that is intended solely for the protection of natural ecosystems and life forms found in them. In Mexico they are called protected areas they are created by presidential decree and is made by the environmental benefits offered by these areas.

There is a law that governs the activities that can be carried out in them, is called mean LGEEPA and General Law of Ecological Equilibrium and Environmental Protection and Conap is the government agency that administers and is called the National Commission of Protected Areas Protected. Handled the protection of these areas in different ways, sometimes they allow people to visit them and sometimes it's strict and they do not allowed access.

Ecological reserves are used to:

Regulate climate

Oxygen

Prevent flooding

Aquifers feed

Prevent soil erosion

Food

Medicines

Raw material

Recreation

external image organic-food-g.jpgexternal image arti5312_oxigeno%20ok.jpgexternal image Dec-3-Flooding.jpg

by Anahí Plascencia



What can be done to preserve nature and endanger species

The Ecological Reserve del Pedregal de San Angel suffered a significant reduction as part of the uncontrolled urban sprawl of Mexico City today being less than 5% of the area had started original. Al an area of 172 hectares and 133 square meters. In Ecological Reserve del Pedregal de San Angel, we see two flowering seasons are well defined: the dry season (November to May) and rainy (June to October).

Biodiversity is remarkable wildlife: there are 37 species of mammals, among which, 16 rodents and 16 bats. Can still be found squirrels, skunks, rabbits, ring-tailed cats, opossums, and gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) (became extinct lynx, weasels and cougars).

The flora is made up of coniferous trees, predominantly pine softwoods and fir , mixed forest in the lowlands compounds pines. Fir, oak, cedar, arbutus, huejote, ahuacatillo, etc.

The Tepoz June 2, 2005, the Ecological Reserve del Pedregal de San Angel was restructured and now covers an area of 237 hectares, 3.323 meters square, comprising three zones 13 core and buffer zones.

external image gray_fox.jpg

By Alberto Simon

Environmental Problems

Concerned about the accelerating destruction of the Pedregal and imbued with a new awareness of environmental problems, in 1983 a group of teachers and students of the Faculty of Sciences began a movement that would protect the last redoubt of a plant community of Pedregal , Scrub suit crazy, that then only existed on the grounds of the University. This movement culminated, after several months of negotiations with university officials in the creation of an ecological zone unaffected, whose decree was signed on 30 September of that year.

external image air-pollution1.jpg

By Ricardo Guaida

Math Reflection

Math can be related with our interdisciplinary project, because with math we can measure, do percentages, and we can make graphics.

by ximena segura.

I think Math is allied with our interdisciplinary project because we use it to measure the acres in the green areas and to count the trees and plants.

by Ricardo Guaida

I believe that the subject of mathematics will help us in the year-end project that is mathematically how many trees are cut, how much oxygen is being lost, how many trees are in a acre and also many green areas in the world. I believe that the project will explain the people lot of things green and l care of all trees, gardens, parks, and all the acres. If everyone intends to do something or help care for the green areas we can do. We cannot waste more trees, we cannot destroy green areas should take care.

by alberto simon.

Mathematics in our project can help us see how many liters of water a day is spent on average, also can help us take a percentage of how many people care for the planet and how many people pollute. Can also help as is the average of trees destroyed per year, so we know that if you are planting more and more is being destroyed.

by Alejandro Elizondo

I think that math can be related with graphics because we can graphic some results that we obtain and the percentages also because the math´s are something that we use every day and they can help us to see how much water they need in the D.F and in the Pedregal of San Angel also how many water we have lost during the last years and how old is the Pedregal of San Angel but something that it´s very important is that they are going to help us to do every single thing about our project because everything has to be with numbers that´s why I think that math´s can be related to the Interdisciplinary project.

By: Anahí Plascencia

Math can be related to our Interdisciplinary Programme because with this subject we cas mesure the area of the green areas of the city and also we can mesure how much water do we need to keep the green areas, and also we can mesure the percentege of the green areas and all that information we can put it on some graphics.

by: Aranza Orozco

grafic.png
by Anahi Plascencia

In this graphic you can find the use of the water in the D. F. You can find comercial use, Industrial use, green areas use,and agricultural use. Each one is of different color. One green, one yellow, one orange and one red. They use the most in green areas. Then in industrial use. Then in agricultural use. At the last in comercial use.

Introduction from the visit

This work is about our visit to different sites of the Pedregal of San Angel also we went to one of the biggest Universities of the world where hundreds of students and teachers go to study and give classes. This University is called the UNAM and it´s incredible because they still have green areas but we also went to the stadium of the University there many students play football soccer and American football in that stadium millions of people can enter we also saw the art in the murals of the University that which some were created by Diego Rivera it was an incredible visit.

By Anahi Plascencia

Visit

In this visit some of my classmates went to the UNAM and I could see that there were a lot of green areas we could see that there were forest trees around the UNAM stadium such as the pine trees or eucalypts when we entered to the university we saw that they have forest and peach trees but they had some shrubs, bougainvillea and some grasslands something that call my attention was that when they were explaining some murals they told us that some of them were built with colored rocks that these rocks were asked to all the country if they could send some colored rocks so they could built murals and they used rocks because they could resist years without damage other thing was that I could see that almost all the floor was created with volcanic rock. The UNAM has preserved the greenest areas they could and they also tried to be an ecological university by separating trash and that they reused the volcanic rock to built some structures and that´s a very important for Mexico also we have to mention that this university has been declared Cultural Heritage because it posses exceptional deep universal values of the culture of Mexico. This university was created in that place because people wanted to built something big so in that time that land was deserted only a few people leaved there so it was very easy to built something in that place. The UNAM was built on 730 acres so it has a large extension of land that´s why it has a School Zone, Olympic Stadium, and Sports Fields that´s why we have to appreciate this university so in the future we could preserved this beauty.

By: Anahi Plascencia

external image UNAM.jpg

Conclusion

We think that it is very important to know about our past because is culture and we have to know and learn what happened and what could happened if we don´t take care about the things that nature give us and we think that also is very important because if someone ask us something about where we leave it´s better to give a complete explication than only said an eruption that´s all so it´s very important to know about your place.


Visit to the Ecological Reserve of the UNAM

Introduction:

First we arrived at the demonstration garden of plants native to the rocky ground where you can see the type of plants you see in the ecological reserve and you have an idea of some names of plants, trees, and rocks. Then we went to a part of the ecological reserve where we saw rabbit poop hair rabbit we also saw a variety of trees and plants. After a long walk to reach the greenhouse there they gave us samples of seeds and plants. In the end we went to the botanical garden of UNAM, where we saw many plants and trees.

Ecological Reserve of the Pedregal de San Angel:

In the ecological reserve of the UNAM there are different types of plants. The population in Mexico is 8.8 million people, including the State of Mexico are 22 million people. The campus of the Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) has several green areas. The campus has a total of 700 acres and 150 are used for college and those that are leftover for green areas. In the forest of Chapultepec most trees are planted by man. Plants have very little soil so the plants grow on the volcanic rocks. The ecological reserve is 80 km2. The stick is the tree nuts most important ecological reserve.

Greenhouse:

The Greenhouse has UNAM Dutch technology. A given seed given to us was called Tecoma, it was like a red bean called a branch called pagoda trees and brush makers. In the greenhouse all the plants there are Mexican plants. Sometimes even the same plant does not have the same size.

external image images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRKwVL8smW-roi6uMFuykqWhPEgUY64EMd_70fbyW3aXXTymAEeMg

Conclusion

I think that the visit was amazing because we saw the plants that were the ecosystem of are neighborhood. Are friends and me were very exiting of going to the Reserve of del Pedregal de San Angel and to the green house.

By Alberto Simon

Sources:

· Biodiversidad del ecosistema del Pedregal de San Ángel UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO, Antonio Lot Zenón Cano-Santana, http://www.geobicom.org/pdfs/Eucalipto.pdf 20/02/11

==· http://www.unam.mx/, 20/02/2011, Difusion de la cultura

==

==· http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedregal_de_San, Pedregal de San, 20/02/11

==

· http://www.alumno.unam.mx/algo_leer/Pedregal.pdf, del ambiente, Antonio Lot, Julio Septiembre de 2008, 20/02/11

Sources images:

· http://www.duiops.net/seresvivos/galeria/mariposas/119.JPG

· http://animals21.blogdiario.com/img/puma.jpg

· http://www.fotos-animales.com/imagenes/imagenes-conejos-g.jpg

· http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_pBYG-kS1jBM/TBfS-H6JisI/AAAAAAAAEns/qUVZCAnFNTg/s1600/UNAM.jpg

· http://makehayrainorshine.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/images/rain.184125030_std.jpg

· http://www.eventoplus.com/archivos/arti5312_oxigeno%20ok.jpg

· http://www.tusaludpr.com/images/organic-food-g.jpg

· http://www.ci.bellevue.wa.us/images/Transportation/Dec-3-Flooding.jpg

· http://www.insidesocal.com/pets/Opossum_md.jpg

· http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2009/09/18/fotos/033n1est-1.jpg

· http://www.usbr.gov/mp/ccao/berryessa/photo_gallery/wildlife/gray_fox.jpg

· http://www.breathepureair.com/airqualityblog/wp-content/uploads/air-pollution1.jpg

·http://imganuncios.mitula.net/for_sale_house_pedregal_mexico_city_distrito_federal_

mexico_picacho_325_92220627923677402.jpg